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Vigna aconitifolia
''Vigna aconitifolia'' is a drought resistant legume, commonly grown in arid and semi-arid regions of India. It is commonly called mat bean, moth bean, matki, Turkish gram or dew bean. The pods, sprouts and protein rich seeds of this crop are commonly consumed in India. Moth bean can be grown on many soil types, and can also act as a pasture legume.
Moth bean is an herbaceous creeping annual which grows to approximately 40 cm high. Yellow flowers on its hairy and densely packed branches develop into yellow-brown pods, 2 to 3 inches in length〔Brink, M. & Jansen, P.C.M., 2006. Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Maréchal. () Record from PROTA4U. Brink, M. & Belay, G. (Editors). PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa / Ressources végétales de l’Afrique tropicale), Wageningen, Netherlands. . Accessed 15 November 2013.〕 The seeds of these pods contain approximately 22–24% protein.〔Stevens, J. (1994). Bean, Moth —Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal (HS554). Gainesville: University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. Retrieved October 31, 2013 from http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/mv021.〕
Due to its drought resistant qualities, its ability to combat soil erosion and its high protein content, moth bean has been identified as possibly a more significant food source in the future.〔Adsule, R. N. (1996). Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal). In Food and Feed from Legumes and Oilseeds (pp. 203-205). Springer US〕 It has been suggested that its suitability as a grain legume in semi-arid Africa should be further investigated.〔
==Description==
Belonging to the family Fabaceae (sub-family Faboideae), the moth bean is an herbaceous creeping annual that creates a low-lying soil cover when fully grown.〔Sathe, S. K., & Venkatachalam, M. (2007). Fractionation and biochemical characterization of moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia) proteins. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 40(4), 600-610.〕 Its stem can grow up to 40 cm in height, with its hairy and dense-packed branches reaching a span of up to 150 cm.〔 Yellow flowers develop into a brown pod 2.5 to 5 cm in length, which holds 4 to 9 seeds inside.〔 The rectangular seeds exist in a variety of colours including, yellow-brown, whitish green and mottled with black.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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